Thyroid Treatment Doctor In Ahmedabad Near Me
Thyroid Doctor In Ahmedabad, Thyroid Treatment Doctor In Ahmedabad
1. WHAT ARE THYROID DISORDERS
Thyroid disorders are conditions that affect the thyroid
gland, a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck. The thyroid has
important roles to regulate numerous metabolic processes throughout the
body. Different types of thyroid disorders affect either its structure or
function. Piles Doctor in Ahmedabad
The thyroid gland is located below Adam's apple wrapped around the trachea
(windpipe). A thin area of tissue in the gland's middle, known as the
isthmus, joins the two thyroid lobes on each side. The thyroid uses iodine
to produce vital hormones. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is the primary
hormone produced by the gland. After delivery via the bloodstream to the
body's tissues, a small portion of the T4 released from the gland is
converted to triiodothyronine (T3), which is the most active hormone. Piles Doctor in Ahmedabad
The function of the thyroid gland is regulated by a feedback mechanism
involving the brain. When thyroid hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus
in the brain produces a hormone known as thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
that causes the pituitary gland (located at the base of the brain) to
release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH stimulates the thyroid gland
to release more T4.
Since the thyroid gland is controlled by the pituitary gland and
hypothalamus, disorders of these tissues can also affect thyroid function
and cause thyroid problems. Piles Doctor in Ahmedabad
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2. WHAT ARE THE SPECIFIC KINDS OF THYROID DISORDERS
There are specific kinds of thyroid disorders that include:
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperthyroidism Goiter
- Thyroid Nodules
- Thyroid cancer
Hypothyroidism
- Hypothyroidism results from
the thyroid gland producing an insufficient amount of thyroid
hormone. It can develop from problems within the thyroid gland,
pituitary gland, or hypothalamus.
Symptoms of hypothyroidism can include:
- Fatigue
- Poor concentration or
feeling mentally "foggy"
- Dry skin
- Constipation
- Feeling cold
- Fluid retention
- Muscle and joint aches
- Depression
- Prolonged or excessive
menstrual bleeding in women
Some common causes of hypothyroidism include:
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis (an
autoimmune condition that causes inflammation of the thyroid gland)
Thyroid hormone resistance other types of thyroiditis (inflammation
of the thyroid), such as acute thyroiditis and postpartum
thyroiditis.
- Hyperthyroidism describes
the excessive production of thyroid hormone, a less common condition
than hypothyroidism. Symptoms of hypothyroidism usually relate to
increased metabolism. In mild cases, there may not be apparent
symptoms.
Symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism can include:
- Tremor
- Nervousness
- Fast heart rate
- Fatigue
- Intolerance for heat
- Increase in bowel movements
- Increased sweating
- Concentration problems
- Unintentional weight loss
Some of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism are:
- Graves' disease
- Toxic multinodular goiter
- Thyroid nodules that
overexpress thyroid hormone (known as "hot" nodules)
- Excessive iodine
consumption
- Goiter
- A goiter simply describes
an enlargement of the thyroid gland, regardless of cause. A goiter
is not a specific disease per se. A goiter may be associated with
hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or normal thyroid function.
Thyroid Nodules
- Nodules are lumps or
abnormal masses of the thyroid. Nodules can be caused by benign
cysts, benign tumors, or, less commonly, by cancers of the thyroid.
Nodules may be single or multiple and can vary in size. If nodules
are excessively large, they may cause symptoms related to
compression of nearby structures.
Thyroid cancer
- Thyroid cancer is far more
common among adult women than men or youth. About 2/3 of cases occur
in people under age 55. There are different kinds of thyroid cancer,
depending upon the specific cell type within the thyroid that has
become cancerous. Most cases of thyroid cancer have a good prognosis
and high survival rates, especially when diagnosed in its early
stages.
3. HOW ARE THYROID DISORDERS DIAGNOSED - THYROID DOCTOR IN
AHMEDABAD
In addition to thorough medical history and physical exam,
specialized tests are used to diagnose thyroid disorders. Blood tests are
typically done to measure levels of thyroid hormones and TSH. Blood tests to
identify antibodies against thyroid tissue may also be ordered by your
doctors, such as titers of anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroperoxidase, or TSH
receptor stimulating antibodies. Hernia Surgeon in Ahmedabad
Imaging tests are commonly used when thyroid nodules or
enlargement are present. Ultrasound can visualize the consistency of the
tissue within the gland and can often reveal cysts or calcifications.
Ultrasound examination cannot distinguish a benign from a malignant process.
Thyroid scans using radioactive iodine are often performed
to evaluate the function of thyroid nodules. The thyroid is the only
location in the body that takes up iodine, so when radioactively labeled
iodine is given, it is taken up by the thyroid gland. An imaging test
typically shows uptake of radioactive iodine by normal thyroid tissue. Areas
or nodules that are producing an excess hormone (referred to as
hyperfunctioning) will show an increased uptake of iodine. These are
referred to as "hot" nodules or areas. By contrast, so-called "cold" nodules
represent areas with decreased iodine uptake. "Cold" nodules do not produce
excess hormone and can sometimes represent cancer.
Fine needle aspiration and biopsy are techniques that remove
a sample of cells or tissue from the thyroid gland for examination and
diagnosis by a pathologist, who is a physician trained in the diagnosis of
conditions based on tissue samples. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) uses a
long, thin needle to withdraw a sample of cells from the thyroid. FNA can be
performed in the doctor's office. Sometimes, ultrasound imaging is used to
guide the FNA procedure. A biopsy is the surgical sampling of a tissue.
What is the treatment for thyroid disorders?
- Thyroid disorders can be
treated with medications or, in some cases, surgery. Treatment will
depend on the particular disease of the thyroid.
Thyroid medications
- Medications can be given to
replace the missing thyroid hormone in hypothyroidism. Synthetic
thyroid hormone is given in pill form by mouth. When hyperthyroidism
is present, medications can be used to decrease the production of
thyroid hormone or prevent its release from the gland. Other
medications can be given to help manage the symptoms of
hyperthyroidism, such as increased heart rate. If hyperthyroidism is
not controlled with medications, radioactive ablation can be
performed. Ablation involves giving doses of iodine labeled with
radioactivity that selectively destroys the thyroid tissue.
Thyroid surgery
- Surgery can be used to
remove a large goiter or a hyperfunctioning nodule within the gland.
Surgery is necessary when there is a possibility of thyroid cancer.
If the thyroid gland is removed entirely, the individual will need
to take synthetic thyroid hormone for life. Thyroid surgery can also
be used in Graves' Disease (subtotal thyroidectomy) and was the
treatment of choice prior to RAI therapy and anti-thyroid
medications. It is not used much now.
What is the outlook for thyroid disorders?
- In most cases, thyroid
disorders can be well managed with medical treatment and are not
life-threatening. Some conditions may require surgery. The outlook
for most people with thyroid cancer is also good, although patients
with thyroid cancer that has spread throughout the body have a
poorer prognosis.
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